In January 2026, the transition of the first Competency-Based Education (CBE) cohort into Grade 10 has been marred by a heartbreaking reality. Despite a presidential directive that no student should be denied admission due to school fees, Sebastian Onyango, the top candidate at Nyakwere Primary School in Migori, has opted to repeat Grade 9 after failing to secure funds for his senior school education.
This story highlights the growing disconnect between government policy and the financial struggles of vulnerable families across Kenya.
On Monday, January 26, 2026, teachers at Nyakwere Primary School were stunned when their star pupil, Sebastian Onyango, walked into his old Grade 9 classroom instead of reporting to Oriwo Boys High School.
Sebastian, who had hoped to join the prestigious Kanga High School, made the difficult choice to resit his Kenya Junior School Education Assessment (KJSEA). His goal? To achieve a score high enough to attract a full scholarship, as his parents cannot afford the Sh53,000 standard fee for public boarding schools.
1. The Policy vs. Reality Gap
Just days ago, President William Ruto ordered that Grade 10 learners be admitted regardless of their ability to pay fees or buy new uniforms. However, the reality on the ground tells a different story:
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“Hidden” Costs: While tuition is theoretically covered, parents are still being hit with “commitment fees,” uniform costs, and boarding requirements that can exceed Sh30,000 for admission.
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The Repetition Ban: Ironically, the Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC) had previously stated that Grade 9 repetition is no longer allowed under the CBC framework. Sebastian’s case puts school heads in a legal and moral dilemma.
2. The Emotional Toll of Poverty
Sebastian described feeling “depressed and defeated” as he watched his peers move forward. For him, repeating isn’t just an academic strategy; it’s a way to remain in the system while waiting for a “miracle” well-wisher.
“I received my letter, but I cannot go. I would rather stay in Grade 9 than stay at home and lose my future,” he told local reporters.
